Benalulua Artist
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Wood, fiber
Small, sculpted figures holding a vessel in one hand are called mbulenga, which
means "for beauty, for good luck" in the Lulua language, and were believed to protect
infants. The figure's reddish-brown patina is the result of being coated with ngula (red
powder from the camwood tree mixed with water). Its power comes from the contents
of the vessel, which would have included the hair of a female albino (considered a
blessing by the Lulua), the bark of a sacred tree (mutshi muabi), and the red feathers
from the tail of a grey parrot.
The sculptor carved this figure with special attention to carefully depicting details of
the hairstyle, clothing, ornamentation, and scarification that were in fashion. Having
one's body decorated with scarification made an individual bwimpe-that is, beautiful,
not only physically but morally as well. Scarification is produced by making cuts in
the skin, which must heal properly to leave smooth and shiny raised scars. An
individual whose skin did not heal properly was not considered to be a beautiful and
moral person. To give themselves a healthy glow, individuals applied a mixture of red
earth, oil, and kaolin to their bodies.
The present figure is female: a close parallel can be found in the collection of the
Birmingham Museum of Art, Birmingham, Alabama no.1985.335.
Provenance
Victor and Leontine Goldschmidt Collection, Heidelberg, acquired ca. 1920Bernd Muhlack Collection, Kiel, Germany
Sotheby's Paris, Arts d'Afrique et d'Amerique, 4 Decemeber 2019, lot no. 94
Kegel Konietzko and Dorn, Hamburg, Germany
Private Collection, Belgium
Publications
Schaedler, Karl-Ferdinand, L'Arte Africain Dans Les Collections Privée Allemandes, Munich, 1973, p.350, no. 502
